Works Cited

1. Bryant RA, Nix DP. Acute and Chronic Wounds: Current Management Concepts. 5th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier; 2016.

2. Wound Source. National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) Announces a Change in Terminology from Pressure Ulcer to Pressure Injury and Updates the Stages of Pressure Injury. Available at https://www.woundsource.com/blog/national-pressure-ulcer-advisory-panel-npuap-announces-change-in-terminology-pressure-ulcer. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

3. National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel. Pressure Injury Stages. Available at https://npiap.com/page/PressureInjuryStages. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

4. National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel. News and Press: Press Releases. NPUAP Name Change Announcement. Available at https://npiap.com/news/477287/NPUAP-Name-Change-Announcement-.htm. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

5. Hughes RG (ed). Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2008.

6. European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel and Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Alliance. Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers/Injuries: Quick Reference Guide: 2019. Available at https://www.internationalguideline.com/static/pdfs/Quick_Reference_Guide-10Mar2019.pdf. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

7. Halfens RJ, Haalboom JR. A historical overview of pressure ulcer literature of the past 35 years. Ostomy Wound Manage. 2001;47(11):36-43.

8. Kirman CN. Pressure Injuries (Pressure Ulcers) and Wound Care. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/190115-overview. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

9. Sussman C, Bates-Jensen BM. Wound Care: A Collaborative Practice Manual for Health Professionals. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.

10. National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center. The 2020 Annual Statistical Report. Complete Public Version for the Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems. Available at https://www.nscisc.uab.edu/public/2020%20Annual%20Report%20-%20Complete%20Public%20Version.pdf. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

11. Berg L. European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel Webinar: "Hard to Health Pressure Ulcers:" To Treat or Not to Treat. Available at https://www.epuap.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/epuap-webinar-hard-to-heal-pu.pdf. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

12. Medline Industries, Inc. The Wound Care Handbook. Mundelein, IL: Medline; 2007.

13. Baranoski S, Ayello EA. Wound Care Essentials: Practice Principals. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2015.

14. Emory University School of Medicine Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing Education Center. Skin and Wound Module. 6th ed. Atlanta, GA: Emory University WOCNEC; 2006.

15. Vasavada SP, Rackley RR, Carmel ME. Urinary Incontinence. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/452289-overview#a6. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2020: Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the United States. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pdfs/data/statistics/national-diabetes-statistics-report.pdf. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center for Health Statistics. Prevalence of Obesity and Severe Obesity Among Adults: United States, 2017-2018. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db360.htm. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

18. Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nurses Society. Photography in Wound Documentation: Fact Sheet. Available at https://cdn.ymaws.com/member.wocn.org/resource/resmgr/document_library/Photography_Wound_Documentat.pdf. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

19. Kennedy KL. Gaymar Pictorial Guide to Pressure Ulcer Assessment. 2nd ed. Orchard Park, NY: Gaymar Industries; 2006.

20. Szor JK, Bourguignon C. Description of pressure ulcer pain at rest and at dressing change. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 1999;26(3):115-120.

21. Günes UY. A descriptive study of pressure ulcer pain. Ostomy Wound Manage. 2008;54(2):56-61.

22. Wong DL, Hockenberry-Eaton M, Wilson D, Winkelstein ML, Schwartz P. Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing: Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. 9th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2012.

23. Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Treatment Protocol. Health Care Protocol. Bloomington, MN: Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement; 2012.

24. Mayo Clinic. Bedsores (Pressure Ulcers). Available at https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bed-sores/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355899. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

25. Gabriel A, Windle ML, Schraga ED. Wound Irrigation. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1895071-overview. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

26. De Luna V, Mancini F, De Maio F, et al. Intraoperative disinfection by pulse irrigation with povidone-iodine solution in spine surgery. Adv Orthop. 2017;10:7218918.

27. Ruder JA, Springer BD. Treatment of periprosthetic joint infection using antimicrobials: dilute povidone-iodine lavage. J Bone Jt Infect. 2017;2(1):10-14.

28. Bryant RA, Nix DP. Acute and Chronic Wounds: Current Management Concepts. 5th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2016.

29. Butcher G. Low frequency ultrasonic debridement: a new tool in our armoury? J Foot Ankle Res. 2011;4(Suppl 1):P7.

30. Chang YR, Perry J, Cross K. Low-frequency ultrasound debridement in chronic wound healing: a systematic review of current evidence. Plastic Surgery. 2017;25(1):21-26.

31. Herberger K, Franzke N, Blome C, Kirsten N, Augustin M. Efficacy, tolerability and patient benefit of ultrasound-assisted wound treatment versus surgical debridement: a randomized clinical study. Dermatol. 2011;222(3):244-249.

32. Sherman RA. Maggot therapy takes us back to the future of would care: new and improved maggot therapy for the 21st century. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2009;3(2):336-344.

33. Pearson C. Something old is new again: debriding and reducing local wound infection with maggots. Wound Care Canada. 2007;5(2):22-26.

34. Marineau ML, Herrington MT, Swenor KM, Eron LJ. Maggot debridement therapy in the treatment of complex diabetic wounds. Hawaii Med J. 2011;70(6):121-124.

35. Opletalová K, Blaizot X, Mourgeon B, et al. Maggot therapy for wound debridement: a randomized multicenter trial. Arch Dermatol. 2012;148(4):432-438.

36. Ueno CM, Mullens CL, Luh JH, Wooden WA. Historical review of Dakin's solution applications. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2018;71(9):e49-e55.

37. Ottesen TD, Qudsi RA, Kahanu AK, et al. The continued utility and viability of Dakin's solution in both high- and low-resource settings. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2020;8(2):198-203.

38. Alkhalil A, Day A, Monger KW, et al. Hydroconductive and silver-impregnated foam dressings: a comparison. J Wound Care. 2017;26(Suppl 7):S15-S22.

39. Wounds International. Iodine Made Easy. Available at https://www.woundsinternational.com/uploads/resources/03983a959705d34a896ec163f7fc34d9.pdf. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

40. Norman G, Dumville JC, Moore ZEH, Tanner J, Christie J, Goto S. Antibiotics and antiseptics for pressure ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;4:CD011586.

41. Ahmed A, Boateng J. Calcium alginate-based antimicrobial film dressings for potential healing of infected foot ulcers. Ther Deliv. 2018;9(3):185-204.

42. Harris C, Bates-Jensen B, Parslow N, Raizman R, Singh M, Ketchen R. Bates-Jensen wound assessment tool: pictorial guide validation project. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2010;37(3):253-259.

43. National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel. Pressure Injury Prevention Points. Available at https://npiap.com/page/PreventionPoints. Last accessed July 7, 2021.

44. Brandeis GH, Morris JN, Nash DJ, Lipsitz LA. The epidemiology and natural history of pressure ulcers in elderly nursing home residents. JAMA. 1990;264:2905-2909.

Evidence-Based Practice Recommendations Citations

1. National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel, European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Alliance. Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers/Injuries: Clinical Practice Guideline. Washington, DC: National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel; 2019. Available at http://www.internationalguideline.com/static/pdfs/Quick_Reference_Guide-10Mar2019.pdf. Last accessed July 15, 2021.


Copyright © 2021 NetCE, PO Box 997571, Sacramento, CA 95899-7571
Mention of commercial products does not indicate endorsement.