Works Cited

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Data, Statistics, and Surveillance. Asthma Surveillance Data: Current Asthma Prevalence Percents by Age, Sex, and Race/Ethnicity, United States, 2019. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthmadata.htm. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

2. Boulieri A, Hansell A, Blangiardo M. Investigating trends in asthma and COPD through multiple data sources: a small area study. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol. 2016;19:28-36.

3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. FastStats: Asthma. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/asthma.htm. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

4. Nurmagambetov T, Kuwahara R, Garbe P. The economic burden of asthma in the United States, 2008–2013. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2018;15(3):348-356.

5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vital Signs: Asthma in the U.S. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/VitalSigns/Asthma/index.html. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

6. Clark MV. Asthma: A Clinician's Guide. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning; 2011.

7. Lieberman P. Understanding Asthma. Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi; 1999.

8. National Institutes of Health. Breath of Life Exhibition. Available at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/archive/20120918/hmd/breath/breathhome.html. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

9. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR3): Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma. Available at https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/asthma/asthgdln.pdf. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

10. Springhouse. Professional Guide to Diseases. 10th ed. Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2012.

11. American Medical Association. The American Medical Association Essential Guide to Asthma (Better Health for 2003). New York, NY: Pocket Books; 2000.

12. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Asthma. Available at https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/asthma. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

13. McMillan JA, DeAngelis CD, Feigin RD, Jones MD (eds). Oski's Pediatrics: Principles and Practice. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2006.

14. The Global Asthma Network. The Global Asthma Report, 2018. Available at http://globalasthmareport.org/Global%20Asthma%20Report%202018.pdf. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

15. The Lancet. Global Burden of Disease Cause and Risk Summaries: Asthma. Available at https://www.thelancet.com/pb-assets/Lancet/gbd/summaries/diseases/asthma.pdf. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

16. World Health Organization. Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Asthma. Available at https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/chronic-respiratory-diseases-asthma. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

17. Moorman JE, Askinbami LJ, Bailey CM, et al. National surveillance of asthma: United States, 2001–2010. Vital Health Stat. 2012;3(35): 1-67.

18. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. More Recent Asthma Data. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/most_recent_data.htm. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

19. Moorman JE, Zahran H, Truman BI, Molla MT. Current asthma prevalence—United States, 2006–2008. MMWR. 2011;60(1):84-86.

20. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. State of Childhood Asthma, United States: 1980–2005. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/06facts/asthma1980-2005.htm. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

21. Akinbami LJ. The state of childhood asthma, United States, 1980–2005. Vital Health Stat. 2006;381:1-24.

22. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Asthma-Related Missed School Days among Children Aged 5–17 Years. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/missing_days.htm. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

23. Meng YY, Babey SH, Wolstein J. Asthma-related school absenteeism and school concentration of low-income students in California. Prev Chronic Dis. 2012;9:E98.

24. Mannino DM, Homa DM, Akinbami LJ, Moorman JE, Gwynn C, Redd SC. Surveillance for asthma—United States, 1980–1999. MMWR. 2002;51(SS01):1-13.

25. Corren J. The connection between allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2007;13(1):13-18.

26. New England Medical Center, Evidence-Based Practice Center. Management of Allergic and Nonallergic Rhinitis: Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 54. Available at https://archive.ahrq.gov/downloads/pub/evidence/pdf/rhinitis/rhinitis.pdf. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

27. Mayo Clinic. Asthma. Available at http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/basics/risk-factors/con-20026992. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

28. Bozzetto S, Carraro S, Giordano G, Boner A, Baraldi E. Asthma, allergy and respiratory infections: the vitamin D hypothesis. Allergy. 2012;67(1):10-17.

29. Litonjua AA. Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for childhood allergic disease and asthma. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;12(2):179-185.

30. Mahdi B, Mahesh PA, Mysore RS, Kumar P, Jayaraj BS, Ramachandra NB. Inheritance patterns, consanguinity and risk for asthma. Indian J Med Res. 2010;132:48-55.

31. Noal RB, Menezes AM, Macedo SE, Dumith SC. Childhood body mass index and risk of asthma in adolescence: a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2011;12(2):93-104.

32. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Asthma and Obesity. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/asthma_obesity.htm. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

33. Thomson CC, Clark S, Camargo CA Jr. Body mass index and asthma severity among adults presenting to the emergency department. Chest. 2003;124(3):795-802.

34. Shore SA, Fredberg JJ. Obesity, smooth muscle, and airway hyperresponsiveness. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005;115(5):925-927.

35. Stenius-Aarniala B, Poussa T, Kvarnström J, Grönlund EL, Ylikahri M, Mustajoki P. Immediate and long-term effects of weight reduction in obese people with asthma: randomised controlled study. BMJ. 2000;320(7238):827-832.

36. von Mutius E, Schwatz J, Neas LM, Dockery D, Weiss ST. Relation of body mass index to asthma and atopy in children: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study III. Thorax. 2001;56(11):835-838.

37. Mannino DM, Mott J, Ferdinands JM, et al. Boys with high body masses have an increased risk of developing asthma: findings from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY). Int J Obes. 2006;30(1):6-13.

38. Weiss ST, Raby BA. Asthma genetics 2003. Hum Mol Genet. 2004;13(R1):R83-R89.

39. Laing IA, de Klerk NH, Turner SW, et al. Cross-sectional and longitudinal association of the secretoglobin 1A1 gene A38G polymorphism with asthma phenotype in the Perth Infant Asthma Follow-up cohort. Clin Exp Allergy. 2009;39(1):62-71.

40. Ku MS, Sun HL, Lu KH, et al. The CC16 A38G polymorphism is associated with the development of asthma in children with allergic rhinitis. Clin Exp Allergy. 2011;41(6):794-800.

41. Zhao G, Lin X, Zhou M, Zhao J. Association between CC10 +38A/G polymorphism and asthma risk: a meta-analysis.Pak J Med Sci. 2013;29(6):1439-1443.

42. Çalişkan BS, Bochkov YA, Kreiner-Møller E, et al. Rhinovirus wheezing illness and genetic risk of childhood-onset asthma.N Engl J Med. 2013;368:1398-1407.

43. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Ozone and Your Patients' Health. Available at https://www.epa.gov/ozone-pollution-and-your-patients-health. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

44. Hack M, Taylor HG, Drotar D, et al. Chronic conditions, functional limitations, and special health care needs of school-aged children born with extremely low-birth-weight in the 1990s. JAMA. 2005;294(3):318-325.

45. Potera C. Low birth weight linked to asthma. Environ Health Perspect. 2003;111(3):A148-A149.

46. Pérez-Yarza EG, Moreno A, Lázaro P, Mejías A, Ramilo O. The association between respiratory syncytial virus infection and the development of childhood asthma: a systematic review of the literature. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007;26(8):733-739.

47. Kozyrskyi AL, Ernst P, Becker AB. Increased risk of childhood asthma from antibiotic use in early life. Chest. 2007;131(6):1753-1759.

48. The Merck Manual. Asthma. Available at https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pulmonary-disorders/asthma-and-related-disorders/asthma. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

49. Smith AD, Cowan JO, Brassett, KP, Herbison GP, Taylor DR. Use of exhaled nitric oxide measurements to guide treatment of chronic asthma. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(21):2163-2172.

50. Petsky HL, Cates CJ, Lasserson TJ, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis: tailoring asthma treatment on eosinophilic markers (exhaled nitric oxide or sputum eosinophils). Thorax. 2012;67(3):199-208.

51. Cockcroft DW. Direct challenge tests: airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma: its measurement and clinical significance. Chest. 2010;138(2 suppl):18S-24S.

52. Anderson SD. Indirect challenge tests: airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma: its measurement and clinical significance. Chest. 2010;138(2 suppl):25S-30S.

53. Gamlin L. The Allergy Bible. London: Quadrille Publishing; 2001.

54. Sharma GD, Gupta P. Pediatric Asthma Differential Diagnoses. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1000997-differential. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

55. Sharma GD. Cystic Fibrosis. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1001602-overview. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

56. Family Practice Notebook. Gastroesophageal Reflux. Available at https://www.fpnotebook.com/gi/esophagus/GstrsphglRflx.htm. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

57. The Merck Manual. Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA). Available at https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pulmonary-disorders/asthma-and-related-disorders/allergic-bronchopulmonary-aspergillosis-abpa. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

58. Zmeili OS, Soubani AO. Pulmonary aspergillosis: a clinical update. QJM. 2007;100(6):317-334.

59. Denning DW, O'Driscoll BR, Hogaboam CM, Bowyer P, Niven RM. The link between fungi and severe asthma: a summary of the evidence. Eur Respir J. 2006;27(3):615-626.

60. Randerath WJ, Galetke W. Aspirin sensitive asthma. Dtsch Arztebl. 2007;104(46):3178-3183.

61. Ellis AK, Keith PK. Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2006;6(3):215-220.

62. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Transition from CFC-Propelled Albuterol Inhalers to HFA-Propelled Albuterol Inhalers: Questions and Answers. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/questions-answers/transition-cfc-propelled-albuterol-inhalers-hfa-propelled-albuterol-inhalers-questions-and-answers. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

63. Brock TP, Wessell AM, Williams DM, Donohue JF. Accuracy of float testing for metered-dose inhaler canisters. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2002;42(4):582-586.

64. Batra V, Sethi GR, Sachdev HPS. Comparative efficacy of jet nebulizer and metered dose inhaler with spacer device in the treatment of acute asthma. Indian Pediatr. 1997;34(6):497-503.

65. Dolovich MB, Ahrens RC, Hess DR, et al. Device selection and outcomes of aerosol therapy: evidence-based guidelines. Chest. 2005;127(1):335-371.

66. Segal N, Garty BZ, Hoffer V, Levy Y. Effect of instruction on the ability to use a self-administered epinephrine injector. Isr Med Assoc. 2012;14(1):14-17.

67. Pouessel G, Deschildre A, Castelain C, et al. Parental knowledge and use of epinephrine auto-injector for children with food allergy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2006;17(3):221-226.

68. Frew AJ. What are the "ideal" features of an adrenaline (epinephrine) auto-injector in the treatment of anaphylaxis? Allergy. 2011;66(1):15-24.

69. LexiComp Online. Available at http://online.lexi.com. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

70. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Announces New Safety Controls for Long-Acting Beta Agonists. Available at https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/717210. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

71. Umeda M, Ichiyama T, Hasegawa S, Kaneko M, Matsubara T, Furukawa S. Theophylline inhibits NF-kappaB activation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2002;128(2):130-135.

72. McCarthy BJ, Rankin K, Il'yasova D, et al. Assessment of type of allergy and antihistamine use in the development of glioma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011;20(2):370-378.

73. Scheurer ME, El-Zein R, Thompson PA, et al. Long-term anti-inflammatory and antihistamine medication use and adult glioma risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17:1277-1281.

74. Polosa R. Critical appraisal of antileukotriene use in asthma management. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2007;13(1):24-30.

75. Nathani N, Little MA, Kunst H, Wilson D, Thickett DR. Churg-Strauss syndrome and leukotriene antagonist use: a respiratory perspective. Thorax. 2008;63(10):883-888.

76. Johnston SL, Blasi F, Black PN, Martin RJ, Farrell DJ, Nieman RB. The effect of telithromycin in acute exacerbations of asthma.N Engl J Med. 2006;354(15):1589-1600.

77. Thomson NC, Chaudhuri R. Omalizumab: clinical use for the management of asthma. Clin Med Insights Circ Respir Pulm Med. 2012;6:27-40.

78. Miller AL. The etiologies, pathophysiology, and alternative/complementary treatment of asthma. Altern Med Rev. 2001;6(1):20-47.

79. Sidora-Arcoleo K, Yoos HL, McMullen A, Kitzman H. Complementary and alternative medicine use in children with asthma: prevalence and sociodemographic profile of users. J Asthma. 2007;44(3):169-175.

80. Britton J, Pavord I, Richards K, et al. Dietary magnesium, lung function, wheezing, and airway hyperreactivity in a random adult population sample. Lancet. 1994;344(8919):357-362.

81. Potter PC. Current guidelines for the management of asthma in young children. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2010;2(1):1-13.

82. Rodríguez MA, Winkleby MA, Ahn D, Sundquist J, Kraemer HC. Identification of population subgroups of children and adolescents with high asthma prevalence: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002;156(3):269-275.

83. Medical News Today. Overweight Children Have Higher Risk of Asthma. Available at http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/264540.php. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

84. Shyu CS, Lin HK, Lin CH, Fu LS. Prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in patients with pediatric allergic disorders: a nationwide, population-based study. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2012;45(3):234-242.

85. Kwon JH, Lim MH, Ha M, Cho HI, Paik KC, Lee MY. Association of childhood asthma and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Epidemiology. 2011;22(1):S280-S281.

86. van Staa TP, Leufkens HG, Cooper C. The epidemiology of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int. 2002;13(10):777-787.

87. Kwon HL, Triche EW, Belanger K, Bracken MB. The epidemiology of asthma during pregnancy: prevalence, diagnosis, and symptoms. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2006;26(1):29-62.

88. Namazy JA, Schatz M. Pregnancy and asthma: recent developments. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2005;11(1):56-60.

89. Carroll KN, Griffin MR, Gebretsadik T, Shintani A, Mitchel E, Hartert TV. Racial differences in asthma morbidity during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;106(1):66-72.

90. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Managing Asthma During Pregnancy: Recommendations for Pharmacologic Treatment. Bethesda, MD: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2005.

91. American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin no. 90: asthma in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;111(2 Part 1):457-464.

92. Freedman MR, Rosenberg SJ, Divino CL. Living Well with Asthma. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 1998.

93. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Common Asthma Triggers. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/triggers.html. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

94. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. Asthma. Available at http://aafa.org/asthma. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

95. Luttinger D, Wilson L. A study of air pollutants and acute asthma exacerbations in urban areas: status report. Environ Pollut. 2003;123(3):399-402.

96. D'Amato G, Liccardi G, D'Amato M, Holgate S. Environmental risk factors and allergic bronchial asthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 2005;35(9):1113-1124.

97. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Respiratory Health and Air Pollution. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/healthyplaces/healthtopics/airpollution.htm. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

98. AIRNow. Available at https://www.airnow.gov. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

99. Yoo S, Kim HB, Lee SY, et al. Effective of active smoking on asthma symptoms, pulmonary function, and BHR in adolescents. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009;44(10):954-961.

100. Harmsen L, Gottlieb V, Makowska Rasmussen L, Backer V. Asthma patients who smoke have signs of chronic airflow limitation before age 45. J Asthma. 2010;47(4):362-366.

101. Gehring U, Wijga AH, Brauer M, et al. Traffic-related air pollution and the development of asthma and allergies during the first 8 years of life. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;181(6):596-603.

102. Gauderman WJ, Vora H, McConnell R, et al. Effect of exposure to traffic on lung development from 10 to 18 years of age: a cohort study. Lancet. 2007;369(9561):571-577.

103. Brauer M, Hoek G, Smit HA, et al. Air pollution and development of asthma, allergy and infections in a birth cohort. Eur Respir J. 2007;29(5):879-888.

104. Sarnat JA, Holguin F. Asthma and air quality. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2007;13(1):63-66.

105. Wong TW, Wong AH, Lee FS, Qiu H. Respiratory health and lung function in Chinese restaurant kitchen workers. Occup Environ Med. 2011;68(10):746-752.

106. Scherer Hofmeier K, Bircher A, Tamm M, Miedinger D. Occupational rhinitis and asthma. Ther Umsch. 2012;69(4):261-267.

107. Papazian R. Sulfites: Safe for Most, Dangerous for Some. Available at https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/lps1609/www.fda.gov/fdac/features/096_sulf.html. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

108. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preventing Asthma and Death from Diisocyanate Exposure DDHS. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/96-111/. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

109. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Workplace Safety and Health Topics: Asthma and Allergies. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/asthma/. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

110. Francis HC, Prys-Picard CO, Fishwick D, et al. Defining and investigating occupational asthma: a consensus approach. Occup Environ Med. 2007;64(6):361-365.

111. American Lung Association. Asthma. Available at https://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/asthma. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

112. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. Asthma Triggers: Respiratory Infections. Available at http://www.aafa.org/respiratory-infections-flu-cold-asthma. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

113. Shore SA, Johnston RA. Obesity and asthma. Pharmacol Ther. 2006;110(1):83-102.

114. Shore SA. Obesity and asthma: possible mechanisms. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;121(5):1087-1093.

115. Lugogo NL, Kraft M, Dixon AE. Does obesity produce a distinct asthma phenotype? J Appl Physiol. 2010;108(3):729-734.

116. Barr RG, Wentowski CC, Grodstein F, et al. Prospective study of postmenopausal hormone use and newly diagnosed asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164(4):379-386.

117. Sinha T, David AK. Recognition and management of exercise-induced bronchospasm. Am Fam Physician. 2003;67(4):769-776.

118. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. Asthma and Exercise. Available at https://www.aaaai.org/Tools-for-the-Public/Conditions-Library/Asthma/asthma-and-exercise. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

119. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. Medications May Trigger Asthma Symptoms. Available at https://www.aaaai.org/Tools-for-the-Public/Conditions-Library/Asthma/Medications-May-Trigger-Asthma-Symptoms. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

120. American Veterinary Medical Association. U.S. Pet Ownership Statistics. Available at https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/reports-statistics/us-pet-ownership-statistics. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

121. Kelso JA, Fox RW, Jones RT, Yunginger JW. Allergy to iguana. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000;106(2):369-372.

122. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Turtle-associated salmonellosis in humans—United States, 2006–2007. MMWR. 2007;56(26):649-652.

123. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. Cockroach Allergy. Available at http://www.aafa.org/cockroach-allergy. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

124. Greenberg H, Cohen RI. Nocturnal asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2012;18(1):57-62.

125. Keswani A, Peters A. Complications of rhinitis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2016;36(2):359-366.

126. American Lung Association. Asthma Risk Factors. Available at https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/asthma/asthma-symptoms-causes-risk-factors/asthma-risk-factors. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

127. Mohanan S, Tapp H, McWilliams A, Dulin M. Obesity and asthma: pathophysiology and implications for diagnosis and management in primary care. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2014;239(11):1531-1540.

128. Johnson CL, Dohrmann SM, Burt VL, Mohadjer LK. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: sample design, 2011–2014. Vital Health Stat. 2014;2(162).

129. Qu YL, JYR, Zhang LX, et al. 17q21 locus rs7216389 polymorphism and childhood asthma risk: a meta-analysis. Minerva Pediatr. 2018;70(1):98-102.

130. Xu XF, Li YJ, Sheng YJ, et al. Effect of low birth weight on childhood asthma: a meta-analysis. BMC Pediatrics. 2014;14:275.

131. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. COVID-19 ACIP Vaccine Recommendations. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/vacc-specific/covid-19.html. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

132. American Lung Association. The Link Between Asthma and Weight. Available at https://www.lung.org/blog/the-link-between-asthma-weight. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

133. Global Initiative for Asthma. Global Strategy for Asthma Diagnosis and Management: 2021 Main Report. Available at https://ginasthma.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/GINA-Main-Report-2021-V2-WMS.pdf. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

134. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA Review Finds No Significant Increase in Risk of Serious Asthma Outcomes with Long-Acting Beta Agonists (LABAs) Used in Combination with Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS). Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-drug-safety-communication-fda-review-finds-no-significant-increase-risk-serious-asthma-outcomes. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

135. Amirian ES, Marquez-Do D, Bondy ML, Scheurer ME. Antihistamine use and immunoglobulin E levels in glioma risk and prognosis. Cancer Epidemiol. 2013;37(6):908-912.

136. Al Said A, Cushen B, Costello RW. Targeting patients with asthma for omalizumab therapy: choosing the right patient to get the best value for money. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2017;8(2-3):31-45.

137. Virani R, Blazek N. Poster Session: Asthma: Magnesium Regulatory Mechanisms. Presented at AANP 2015, June 9-14; New Orleans. Available at https://www.clinicaladvisor.com/home/meeting-coverage/aanp-2015-annual-meeting/magnesium-helps-prevent-manage-asthma-attacks/. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

138. Samuele C, Shihua S, Junhua S, et al. Association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis and a Swedish population-based study. Lancet. 2018;5(9):P717-P726.

139. Murphy VE. Managing asthma in pregnancy. Breathe. 2015;11:258-267.

140. Smy L, Chan ACH, Bozzo P, Koren G. Is it safe to use inhaled corticosteroids in pregnancy? Can Fam Physician. 2014;60(9):809-812.

141. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. 2020 Focused Updates to the Asthma Management Guidelines: A Report from the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Coordinating Committee Expert Panel Working Group. Available at https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/all-publications-and-resources/2020-focused-updates-asthma-management-guidelines. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

142. Dragonieri S, Carpagnano GE. Biological therapy for severe asthma. Asthma Res Pract. 2021;7(1):12.

143. Consumer Product Information Database. What's In It? Available at https://www.whatsinproducts.com. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

144. American Lung Association. Formaldehyde. Available at https://www.lung.org/clean-air/at-home/indoor-air-pollutants/formaldehyde. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

Evidence-Based Practice Recommendations Citations

1. Cox L, Nelson H, Lockey R, et al. Allergen immunotherapy: a practice parameter third update. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127 (1 Suppl):S1-S55. Available at https://www.aaaai.org/Aaaai/media/MediaLibrary/PDF%20Documents/Practice%20and%20Parameters/Allergen-immunotherapy-Jan-2011.pdf. Last accessed October 22, 2021.

2. Holguin F, Cardet JC, Chung KF, et al. Management of severe asthma: a European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society guideline. Eur Respir J. 2020;55(1):1900588. Available at https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/55/1/1900588. Last accessed October 22, 2021.

3. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Asthma in Pregnancy. Washington, DC: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; 2008. Available at https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-bulletin/articles/2008/02/asthma-in-pregnancy. Last accessed October 22, 2021.

4. Nicholson PJ, Cullinan P, Burge PS, Boyle C. Occupational Asthma: Prevention, Identification and Management: Systematic Review and Recommendations. London: British Occupational Health Research Foundation; 2010. Available at https://www.bohrf.org.uk/downs/OccupationalAsthmaEvidenceReview-Mar2010.pdf. Last accessed October 22, 2021.

5. Weiler JM, Brannan JD, Randolph CC, et al. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction update—2016. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016;138(5):1292-1295. Available at https://www.aaaai.org/Aaaai/media/Media-Library-PDFs/Allergist%20Resources/Statements%20and%20Practice%20Parameters/Exercise-Induced-Bronchoconstriction-Practice-Parameter-2016.pdf. Last accessed October 22, 2021.


Copyright © 2021 NetCE, PO Box 997571, Sacramento, CA 95899-7571
Mention of commercial products does not indicate endorsement.