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| A) | bundle of His. | ||
| B) | sinoatrial node. | ||
| C) | Purkinje system. | ||
| D) | atrioventricular node. |
| A) | loss of atrial contraction. | ||
| B) | prolonged ventricular repolarization. | ||
| C) | shortened atrial and ventricular refractory periods. | ||
| D) | accelerated, abnormally rapid depolarization of the ventricles. |
| A) | A prolonged QRS interval | ||
| B) | A ventricular rate in excess of 300 bpm | ||
| C) | Presence of clearly defined, regular sinus P waves | ||
| D) | An irregularly irregular ventricular response when conduction through the AV node is normal |
| A) | the rhythm in AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia is regular. | ||
| B) | sinus P waves are absent in AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia. | ||
| C) | the rate in AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia rarely exceeds 120 bpm. | ||
| D) | the QT interval in AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia is always lengthened. |
| A) | Hypertension | ||
| B) | Mitral valve disease | ||
| C) | Rheumatic heart disease | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | diabetes. | ||
| B) | psoriasis. | ||
| C) | rapid weight gain or loss. | ||
| D) | normal renal and hepatic function. |
| A) | slowed heart rate. | ||
| B) | diastolic hypertension. | ||
| C) | variable pulse pressure. | ||
| D) | regular jugular venous pulsations. |
| A) | rate control. | ||
| B) | reduction of elevated blood pressure. | ||
| C) | improvement of pulmonary hypertension. | ||
| D) | increased conduction across the AV node. |
| A) | The generic drug must contain the same amount of active drug ingredient as the proprietary version. | ||
| B) | The generic drug must be released at the same rate and to the same extent as the proprietary version. | ||
| C) | The generic drug must be manufactured according to federal standards defined in the Good Manufacturing Practices. | ||
| D) | The generic and proprietary drugs must have identical inactive ingredients, including fillers, binders, and preservatives. |
| A) | Always switch to generic drugs for life-threatening arrhythmias and other arrhythmias that cause loss of consciousness. | ||
| B) | Limit use of generic drugs to time-release preparations of common antiarrhythmic medications only. | ||
| C) | When selecting a generic medication, give preference to one that has only one preparation available and is readily available from pharmacies. | ||
| D) | Never use generic medications for less serious arrhythmias even if a reliable assay is available and stable therapeutic drug levels can be obtained. |
| A) | 0.25 mg/kg. | ||
| B) | 375 mcg/kg. | ||
| C) | 1 mg/kg. | ||
| D) | 3 mg/kg. |
| A) | Esmolol has a very short half-life. | ||
| B) | Esmolol stimulates an increase in SA node firing. | ||
| C) | Esmolol comes in both intravenous and oral preparations. | ||
| D) | The initial loading dose of esmolol is 0.05 mg/kg over one minute. |
| A) | esmolol. | ||
| B) | warfarin. | ||
| C) | diltiazem. | ||
| D) | adenosine. |
| A) | flecainide. | ||
| B) | amiodarone. | ||
| C) | digoxin immune Fab. | ||
| D) | oral magnesium salts. |
| A) | Ibutilide slightly increases the sinus rate. | ||
| B) | Ibutilide accelerates the duration of the action potential. | ||
| C) | Ibutilide prolongs the duration of the ventricular refractory period. | ||
| D) | Ibutilide blocks movement of calcium ions through all calcium channels. |
| A) | IV atropine. | ||
| B) | IV lidocaine. | ||
| C) | IV dopamine. | ||
| D) | IV magnesium sulfate. |
| A) | 0.25 mg over 5 minutes | ||
| B) | 1 mg over 10 minutes | ||
| C) | 20 mg over 10 minutes | ||
| D) | 2.5 mg over 1 minute |
| A) | pericarditis. | ||
| B) | endocarditis. | ||
| C) | pulmonary fibrosis. | ||
| D) | elevated hemoglobin. |
| A) | loss of accessory pathway conduction. | ||
| B) | stable atrial fibrillation at a controlled rate. | ||
| C) | hemodynamically unstable atrial fibrillation. | ||
| D) | presence of atrial thrombus documented by TEE. |
| A) | 48 hours. | ||
| B) | 3 weeks. | ||
| C) | 1 month. | ||
| D) | 3 months. |
| A) | 320 mg/day. | ||
| B) | 380 mg/day. | ||
| C) | 420 mg/day. | ||
| D) | 560 mg/day. |
| A) | quinidine. | ||
| B) | flecainide. | ||
| C) | amiodarone. | ||
| D) | propafenone. |
| A) | no antithrombotic therapy. | ||
| B) | warfarin 1–5 mg daily. | ||
| C) | aspirin 81–325 mg daily. | ||
| D) | clopidogrel 300 mg weekly. |
| A) | Failed electrical or pharmacologic cardioversion | ||
| B) | Asymptomatic atrial fibrillation at a controlled rate | ||
| C) | Adequate rate control with oral antiarrhythmic medications | ||
| D) | Absence of side effects or proarrhythmic effects with oral antiarrhythmic therapy |
| A) | Administer IV heparin by continuous infusion for 24 hours. | ||
| B) | Maintain the patient in Trendelenburg position until ablation sheaths are removed. | ||
| C) | Keep the patient NPO for 24 hours or until bowel sounds return following the procedure. | ||
| D) | Assess sites used for insertion of the electrophysiology catheters for bleeding or hematoma formation. |
| A) | beta blockers. | ||
| B) | synchronized cardioversion. | ||
| C) | intravenous magnesium sulfate. | ||
| D) | intermittent IV boluses of diltiazem. |
| A) | normal ST segment. | ||
| B) | prolonged PR interval. | ||
| C) | regular rate and rhythm. | ||
| D) | presence of a delta wave. |
| A) | digoxin. | ||
| B) | warfarin. | ||
| C) | verapamil. | ||
| D) | procainamide. |
| A) | palpitations. | ||
| B) | hypertension. | ||
| C) | alcoholic cirrhosis. | ||
| D) | gastroesophageal reflux. |
| A) | within normal limits. | ||
| B) | dangerously shortened. | ||
| C) | significantly prolonged. | ||
| D) | acceptable for patients on antiarrhythmic therapy. |