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| A) | Curare | ||
| B) | Atracurium | ||
| C) | Vecuronium | ||
| D) | Succinylcholine |
| A) | Guyana. | ||
| B) | Germany. | ||
| C) | the Philippines. | ||
| D) | the United States. |
| A) | neurons. | ||
| B) | nodes of Ranvier. | ||
| C) | action potentials. | ||
| D) | ventral horn of the spinal cord. |
| A) | The neuromuscular junction is itself a synapse. | ||
| B) | The terminal nerve ending is attached firmly to the muscle fiber. | ||
| C) | The terminal nerve ending consists of four small synaptic vesicles. | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | is synthesized only in the vesicles. | ||
| B) | is the product of acetyl-coenzyme-A. | ||
| C) | binds to the tyrosine kinase receptor. | ||
| D) | is crucial for the function of the central nervous system only. |
| A) | tubules. | ||
| B) | mitochondria. | ||
| C) | terminal cistrerna. | ||
| D) | interdigitation of actin and myosin fibers. |
| A) | Amino steroids | ||
| B) | Depolarizing agents | ||
| C) | Benzylisoquinoliniums | ||
| D) | Nondepolarizing agents |
| A) | Atracurium | ||
| B) | Vecuronium | ||
| C) | Rocuronium | ||
| D) | Succinylcholine |
| A) | 95% of skeletal muscle is paralyzed. | ||
| B) | 95% of patients achieve the desired effect. | ||
| C) | 95% of patients are paralyzed within two minutes. | ||
| D) | 95% of patients experience significant side effects. |
| A) | are rarely used. | ||
| B) | are highly fat-soluble. | ||
| C) | cross the blood-brain barrier. | ||
| D) | move quickly from central circulation to the peripheral neuromuscular junctions on skeletal muscle. |
| A) | 0.05 mg/kg | ||
| B) | 0.1 mg/kg | ||
| C) | 0.25 mg/kg | ||
| D) | 1 mg/kg |
| A) | cardiac output. | ||
| B) | hepatocyte status. | ||
| C) | blood oxygen saturation. | ||
| D) | glomerular filtration rate. |
| A) | pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). | ||
| B) | operating room to facilitate organ visualization. | ||
| C) | prehospital environment to facilitate endotracheal intubation. | ||
| D) | ICU to prevent violent cough attempts ("bucking") on the ventilator. |
| A) | Rocuronium should be avoided in elderly patients. | ||
| B) | Recuronium's onset is significantly later in elderly patients than in younger patients. | ||
| C) | Recuronium's duration of action is markedly increased in elderly patients compared with younger patients. | ||
| D) | There have been reports of significant changes in hemodynamic variables following rocuronium administration in elderly patients. |
| A) | liver. | ||
| B) | lungs. | ||
| C) | kidney. | ||
| D) | small intestine. |
| A) | Curare | ||
| B) | Atracurium | ||
| C) | Mivacurium | ||
| D) | Cisatracurium |
| A) | liver failure. | ||
| B) | seizure activity. | ||
| C) | respiratory distress. | ||
| D) | cognitive dysfunction. |
| A) | Patients with impaired renal function | ||
| B) | Patients who are traumatically injured | ||
| C) | Patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation in the ICU | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | 1 to 5 minutes. | ||
| B) | 9 to 13 minutes. | ||
| C) | 20 to 50 minutes. | ||
| D) | 45 to 60 minutes. |
| A) | Hypokalemia | ||
| B) | Masseter muscle spasm | ||
| C) | Post-administration myalgias | ||
| D) | Bradycardia and bradyarrhythmias |
| A) | It remains normal. | ||
| B) | It is lengthened 50% to 100%. | ||
| C) | It is markedly prolonged (4 to 8 hours). | ||
| D) | It is markedly decreased (1 to 3 minutes). |
| A) | unexplained bradycardia. | ||
| B) | elevation of body temperature. | ||
| C) | reduced end tidal carbon dioxide. | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | ideal body weight. | ||
| B) | actual body weight. | ||
| C) | the pediatric dosing. | ||
| D) | a weight falling between ideal and actual. |
| A) | Atracurium | ||
| B) | Mivacurium | ||
| C) | Sugammadex | ||
| D) | Succinylcholine |
| A) | patient report. | ||
| B) | blood gas levels. | ||
| C) | laboratory values. | ||
| D) | a peripheral nerve stimulator. |
| A) | latissimus dorsi of the trunk. | ||
| B) | adductor pollicis muscle on the patient's forearm. | ||
| C) | orbicularis oculi muscles surrounding the eye. | ||
| D) | Both B and C |
| A) | the patient cannot be reversed easily. | ||
| B) | 80% of neuromuscular junctions are blocked. | ||
| C) | 100% of neuromuscular junctions are blocked. | ||
| D) | neuromuscular junctions are not blocked at all. |
| A) | Neostigmine | ||
| B) | Edrophonium | ||
| C) | Pyridostigmine | ||
| D) | Succinylcholine |
| A) | pancuronium. | ||
| B) | succinylcholine. | ||
| C) | rocuronium and vecuronium. | ||
| D) | atracurium and cisatracurium. |
| A) | A drug-free "holiday" | ||
| B) | Reversing the agents as early as possible | ||
| C) | Coadministration of an anticholinergic agent | ||
| D) | Avoidance of neuromuscular blocking agents in the ICU |