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| A) | avoid pursuing curative treatment. | ||
| B) | provide care only as close to diagnosis as possible. | ||
| C) | provide care for the last few weeks or months of a patient's life. | ||
| D) | improve the quality of life of patients and their families when faced with life-threatening illness. |
| A) | Counselors | ||
| B) | Hospice workers | ||
| C) | Critical care nurses | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | is not important in end-of-life care. | ||
| B) | can improve participation of end-of-life decisions. | ||
| C) | should be the only focus of clinicians at the end of life. | ||
| D) | can help patients disengage from painful conversations. |
| A) | Intractable pain | ||
| B) | Spiritual epiphany | ||
| C) | Psychological suffering | ||
| D) | Reconnection with family |
| A) | What and how much to tell their ill child | ||
| B) | How to cope with the loss of the child's future | ||
| C) | The impact of the child's illness on other siblings | ||
| D) | Dependence upon parents or other adult figures |
| A) | Meaning and hope | ||
| B) | Serenity and respect | ||
| C) | Control and independence | ||
| D) | Interdependence and connection |
| A) | Wish to hasten death | ||
| B) | Focus on realistic treatment goals | ||
| C) | Excessive reliance on the healthcare team | ||
| D) | Failure to make legal, financial, and healthcare arrangements |
| A) | Most therapies for PTSD can be completed within a typical hospice period. | ||
| B) | Even if PTSD is diagnosed, it typically does not complicate the dying process. | ||
| C) | Practitioners have good awareness of the occurrence and/or manifestation of PTSD at the end of life. | ||
| D) | Traditional evidence-based, trauma-focused treatments may not be feasible or advisable for patients with PTSD at the end of life. |
| A) | Higher education | ||
| B) | Relational dependency | ||
| C) | Poor grief-specific support | ||
| D) | Discomfort with closeness and intimacy |
| A) | a loved one's death. | ||
| B) | life-saving medical care. | ||
| C) | death or the dying process. | ||
| D) | being present when someone dies. |
| A) | Low-survival cancer | ||
| B) | Degenerative neurological conditions | ||
| C) | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | Patients prefer to initiate end-of-life discussions themselves. | ||
| B) | End-of-life discussions should take place only at end of a patient's life. | ||
| C) | Most Americans have had conversations about their end-of-life wishes. | ||
| D) | Most Americans say it is important to discuss their wishes for end-of-life care. |
| A) | Initiation of the discussion | ||
| B) | Clarification of the prognosis | ||
| C) | Identification of end-of-life goals | ||
| D) | Development of the treatment plan |
| A) | avoiding expectations. | ||
| B) | providing education about options. | ||
| C) | allowing patients to have control over decision making. | ||
| D) | identifying what a patient wants through open communication and end-of-life care planning. |
| A) | Clinicians may have a lack of confidence in their own judgment of their patient's true condition. | ||
| B) | Clinicians generally have extensive communication training and skills, particularly in the delivery of bad news. | ||
| C) | Clinicians might avoid end-of-life discussions with their patients because they are reluctant to cause pain or be the bearers of bad news. | ||
| D) | Clinicians may fear confrontation and/or disagreement with the patient's family, particularly if they feel ill-prepared for such discussions. |
| A) | are taught mindfulness techniques. | ||
| B) | endure systematic confrontation of feared stimuli, with the aim of reducing fear of dying. | ||
| C) | are invited to reflect on and later discuss what aspects of their life they most want recorded and remembered. | ||
| D) | engage in a structured program of psychotherapy with a strong educational component designed to provide skills for managing end-of-life stresses. |
| A) | Spiritual care is considered a basic tenet of palliative care. | ||
| B) | Patients and caregivers often refuse spiritual care when offered. | ||
| C) | Spiritual care is a responsibility of mental health professionals only. | ||
| D) | Patients who receive good spiritual care report greater quality of life, better coping, and greater well-being at the end of life. |
| A) | fidelity, insistence, culture, and alignment. | ||
| B) | fostering religiosity, inspirational quality, connection, and adherence. | ||
| C) | family involvement, integration of beliefs, consistency of practice, and aspects of spirituality. | ||
| D) | faith, importance/influence of beliefs, community involvement, and addressing issues of care. |
| A) | Three months | ||
| B) | Six months | ||
| C) | One year | ||
| D) | Five years |
| A) | Interpreters should always engage in cultural brokering. | ||
| B) | The use of professional interpreters improves communication, utilization, clinical outcomes, and patient satisfaction with care. | ||
| C) | Any person fluent in a family's native language is as effective as a professional interpreter. | ||
| D) | Families prefer to have information interpreted by another family member rather than by a professional interpreter. |