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| A) | This model accounts for biological, psychological, and social factors that can impact pain. | ||
| B) | This model cures pain. | ||
| C) | This model applies to all pain-related conditions. | ||
| D) | According to this model, factors that can have an influence on pain are mood, personality, and personal beliefs. |
| A) | Anxiety | ||
| B) | Gentle touch | ||
| C) | Lack of exercise | ||
| D) | Overwhelm |
| A) | Acupuncture | ||
| B) | Depression | ||
| C) | Massage | ||
| D) | Inactivity |
| A) | A theory that claims pain is caused by nerve impulse patterns generated by a neural network | ||
| B) | A theory that explores how a multitude of cognitive, biological, physiological, and behavioral, and social factors can influence or trigger chronic pain | ||
| C) | A theory that identifies how stress is connected to chronic pain patterns | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | 85% | ||
| B) | 70% | ||
| C) | 50% | ||
| D) | 90% |
| A) | The vagus nerve increases sympathetic activity. | ||
| B) | The vagus nerve connects to brain regions associated with pain processing. | ||
| C) | The vagus nerve is the 9th cranial nerve. | ||
| D) | The vagus nerve innervates with all internal organs in the abdominal cavity. |
| A) | Kidneys | ||
| B) | Liver | ||
| C) | Adrenal glands | ||
| D) | Intestines |
| A) | Silent nociceptors | ||
| B) | Visceral nociceptors | ||
| C) | Muscle nociceptors | ||
| D) | Organ nociceptors |
| A) | Transduction, transmission, modulation, perception | ||
| B) | Transmission, transduction, modulation, perception | ||
| C) | Transmission, transduction, transformation, perception | ||
| D) | Transduction, transmission, transformation, perception |
| A) | tissue-damaging stimuli activates nerve endings. | ||
| B) | messages are being sent up the spinal cord to the brain. | ||
| C) | there is a reduction of activity in the transmission system. | ||
| D) | None of the above |
| A) | is consistently in one location. | ||
| B) | has a clear and predictable physical trigger. | ||
| C) | is only on one side of their body. | ||
| D) | None of the above |
| A) | People-pleaser | ||
| B) | Perfectionist | ||
| C) | Narcissistic | ||
| D) | Both A and B |
| A) | Pain sensitivity can be higher in those living with trauma or with a traumatic history. | ||
| B) | Chronic pain is only considered chronic if it has persisted longer than four months. | ||
| C) | Chronic pain has a cure. | ||
| D) | Chronic pain is only considered chronic if it persists all the time. |
| A) | Pacing the session appropriately and asking for consent generously to not overwhelm the client | ||
| B) | Assume the client has adequate capacity or resources to complete their at-home therapeutic exercises | ||
| C) | Observing for signs of safety in the client during a session, especially when there is an increase in proximity or more sensitive information is being discussed | ||
| D) | Empower your client with supportive language and an authentic confidence in their resiliency |
| A) | Upregulated response to stress | ||
| B) | Abnormal fear processing | ||
| C) | Hippocampal atrophy | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | comfort. | ||
| B) | safety. | ||
| C) | vulnerability. | ||
| D) | trauma healing. |
| A) | having them recite positive affirmations. | ||
| B) | discovering what their needs, values, and priorities are. | ||
| C) | telling them they just need to believe in themselves. | ||
| D) | giving them "tough love" to empower them. |
| A) | Happiness | ||
| B) | Fear | ||
| C) | Anxiety | ||
| D) | Both B and C |
| A) | increase our window of tolerance to handle more stressors or input. | ||
| B) | increase parasympathetic activation. | ||
| C) | create a sense of safety in the body. | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | Tell them they need to calm down and take a deep breath | ||
| B) | Encourage or support organic signs of safety | ||
| C) | Try a somatic exercise with them to encourage parasympathetic activity | ||
| D) | Both B and C |
| A) | Cognitive-evaluative perception | ||
| B) | Motivational-affective perception | ||
| C) | Action-regulation perception | ||
| D) | Sensory-discriminative perception |
| A) | There will be hypoarousal. | ||
| B) | The client may have a flat tone with minimal expressions. | ||
| C) | A client may start to dissociate. | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | The vagus nerve has anti-inflammatory properties that may provide pain-inhibitory effects. | ||
| B) | The vagus nerve is the 10th cranial nerve. | ||
| C) | The vagus nerve increases sympathetic arousal. | ||
| D) | The vagus nerve can be stimulated through noninvasive and invasive protocols. |
| A) | There are five phases of nociception. | ||
| B) | Nociception is the detection of painful stimuli. | ||
| C) | Nociceptors are nerve endings that begin the process of experiencing pain. | ||
| D) | Silent nociceptors respond to tissue injury through a noxious stimulus. |
| A) | Worry | ||
| B) | Preoccupation | ||
| C) | Expectation | ||
| D) | All of the above |