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| A) | HIV infection | ||
| B) | Ventilator-associated pneumonia | ||
| C) | Catheter-related urinary tract infection | ||
| D) | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection |
| A) | An estimated 70% of HAIs are preventable. | ||
| B) | Adherence to prevention guidelines is generally low. | ||
| C) | Most professionals comply with hand hygiene guidelines. | ||
| D) | There are few evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of infection in healthcare facilities. |
| A) | Candida spp. | ||
| B) | Human papillomavirus | ||
| C) | Haemophilus influenzae | ||
| D) | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| A) | Commensal bacteria are always a source of infection. | ||
| B) | Infection with parasites is as common as infection with bacteria. | ||
| C) | Viral nosocomial infections are more common in adults than in children. | ||
| D) | Fungal infections frequently occur during prolonged treatment with antibiotics. |
| A) | fungi. | ||
| B) | viruses. | ||
| C) | bacteria. | ||
| D) | parasites. |
| A) | blood splashes. | ||
| B) | handling contaminated needles. | ||
| C) | infusion of contaminated fluids. | ||
| D) | sharing of blood monitoring devices. |
| A) | pertussis. | ||
| B) | diphtheria. | ||
| C) | meningitis. | ||
| D) | tuberculosis. |
| A) | wear a mask when working within 3 feet of the patient. | ||
| B) | wear an N95 respirator when entering the room of the patient. | ||
| C) | ensure that the patient's room has 6 to 12 air changes per hour. | ||
| D) | not enter the room of the patient if they are susceptible to the disease. |
| A) | removing gloves | ||
| B) | contact with a patient's skin. | ||
| C) | contact with body fluids or excretions, nonintact skin, or wound dressings. | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | compliance is usually more than 80%. | ||
| B) | antibacterial soap is more effective than alcohol-based handrub solutions. | ||
| C) | reasons given for noncompliance include inconveniences, understaffing, and skin damage. | ||
| D) | the impact as an individual strategy in reducing healthcare-associated infections is well documented. |
| A) | use of a 0.5% chlorine solution to reduce the number of pathogenic organisms on the device. | ||
| B) | use of disinfectant to destroy pathogenic organisms (eliminates most bacteria, viruses, and fungi). | ||
| C) | use of high-pressure steam (autoclave), dry heat (oven), chemical sterilants, or radiation to eliminate all forms of viable micro-organisms. | ||
| D) | a multistep procedure that consists of meticulous cleaning, high-level disinfection with a liquid chemical sterilant or disinfectant, and proper drying. |
| A) | critical. | ||
| B) | noncritical. | ||
| C) | less critical. | ||
| D) | semicritical. |
| A) | using normal cleaning procedures. | ||
| B) | using procedures that do not raise dust. | ||
| C) | after disinfection of any areas with visible contamination with blood or body fluids. | ||
| D) | using a detergent/disinfectant solution, with separate cleaning equipment for each room. |
| A) | Using aseptic technique | ||
| B) | Keeping multidose vials in the immediate patient treatment area | ||
| C) | Using a sterile needle and syringe when a multidose vial is used | ||
| D) | Using single-dose vials for parenteral medications whenever possible |
| A) | Date and time of exposure | ||
| B) | Details about the exposure source | ||
| C) | Details about necessary follow-up | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | Rash | ||
| B) | Vomiting | ||
| C) | Vesicular lesions | ||
| D) | Nasal congestion |
| A) | may safely donate semen. | ||
| B) | should be administered ribavirin and interferon. | ||
| C) | should refrain from patient-care responsibilities. | ||
| D) | should consider receiving hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG). |
| A) | until proven noninfectious. | ||
| B) | until 3 days after parotitis develops. | ||
| C) | from the 10th day through the 25th day after last exposure or, if symptoms develop, until five days after onset of parotitis. | ||
| D) | from the 4th day through the 28th day after last exposure, unless symptoms develop. |
| A) | rapid testing is not mandated for occupational exposures. | ||
| B) | voluntary HIV testing of the source should not be sought if the HIV serostatus of the source is unknown. | ||
| C) | if a rapid test result is positive, the test must be confirmed by an ELISA test. | ||
| D) | rules regarding confidentiality and consent for testing in the occupational setting are identical to those for other HIV tests. |
| A) | Fungal organisms | ||
| B) | Gram-positive bacteria | ||
| C) | Gram-negative bacteria | ||
| D) | Group B streptococcus |