Insights and Overview: Patient-Centered Care​

Course #9655L-


Study Points

  1. Discuss the history and early development of the patient-centered care concept and elements.
  2. Discuss healthcare organizations that have established patient-centered care protocol and application of methodology to serve patients for improved outcomes.
  3. Indicate specific patient questions designed to understand their preference, needs, and goals.
  4. Summarize patient-centered process, barriers, and approach for pediatric care and other specialties.
  5. Describe health-related outcomes relative to increased patient engagement due to application of patient-centered care.
  6. Explain aspects of the patient-centered care approach towards virtual health care provision.

    1 . Who developed the concept of patient-centered care?
    A) Dr. Harvey Picker
    B) Dr. George Washington
    C) Dr. Jonas Salk
    D) Dr. Jack Kevorkian

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    2 . Which of the following statements is TRUE?
    A) Patients are expected to listen to their physician and accept all guidance in order to improve their health.
    B) Patients determine if communication was effective, thus overruling provider perspective.
    C) Patients speak with their families without physician consultation to inform the physician of their treatment plan.
    D) Patients do not have a say in any treatment plan.

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    3 . The initial survey developed for patient-centered care is now integrated into the
    A) Gallup study.
    B) Pew Survey.
    C) HCAPHS survey tool.
    D) Netflix survey.

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    4 . Which organization has funded more than $4.5 billion in research and over 2,400 projects, and has published articles on PCC in leading medical journals?
    A) CMS
    B) HCAHPS
    C) PCORI
    D) NIH

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    5 . Information obtained from the Picker Institute's patient-center care initiative was pivotal to understanding patients'
    A) preference for parking.
    B) preference for hospital food.
    C) value.
    D) determination of a cure.

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    6 . Which of the following is NOT one of the six aims that serve as the basis for healthcare quality?
    A) Safety
    B) Effectiveness
    C) Efficiency
    D) Egalitarian

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    7 . Information, communication, and education; physical comfort; and emotional support and alleviation of fear and anxiety are some of the principles of
    A) Picker's patient-centered care.
    B) Institute of Medicine's aims.
    C) Wong's patient-centered system.
    D) AMA's directives of care.

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    8 . To fully integrate patient-centered care healthcare, leaders must recognize and comprehend that
    A) there are discrepancies between patient and healthcare professional perceptions.
    B) patients and healthcare professionals always perceive disease the same way.
    C) patients do not want input into their care.
    D) provider-centric care is always the most reliable.

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    9 . Pediatric patient- and family-centered care prioritizes
    A) the patient as the primary source of decision making with the provider.
    B) the provider as the only decision maker for the treatment plan.
    C) the family as the primary source of support for the patient.
    D) social connectedness between the family and the care manager.

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    10 . For an effective pediatric PFCC environment, nurses must
    A) integrate PFCC principles into daily practice for all patients.
    B) ensure sufficient PPE for all staff.
    C) wait until they are short staffed.
    D) rely on families to engage in teamwork on the floor.

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    11 . Pediatric healthcare that has applied core values of PFCC that addresses physical and psychosocial aspects of health has
    A) occasionally delayed onset of symptoms from chronic conditions.
    B) helped find cures for adult disease.
    C) contributed to improved recovery and healing to their patients.
    D) improved educational support for children.

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    12 . Wherever healthcare services and treatment are provided, communication should include listening, understanding, respecting, and
    A) clarifying.
    B) avoiding.
    C) bilingualism.
    D) reporting.

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    13 . Building rapport is important in PCC and should include
    A) love and marriage.
    B) details and correspondence.
    C) compassion and empathy.
    D) EMR notes and multifunctional teams.

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    14 . Clinicians performing patient- and family-centered care can experience
    A) increased rates of burnout.
    B) lower rates of burnout.
    C) decreased job satisfaction.
    D) job promotions.

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    15 . Today's healthcare systems should transition from what type of approach to patient-centered care?
    A) Disease-specific
    B) Risk management
    C) Provider-driven
    D) Value proposition

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    16 . In recent years, what factor in an inpatient practice has been recognized as a key measurable in surveys and focus groups?
    A) Patient experience
    B) Food quality
    C) Available parking
    D) Welcoming lobby

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    17 . Which of the following is addressed by the VA Office of Patient-Centered Care and Cultural Transformation?
    A) Pilot programs
    B) Innovations and interventions
    C) Evaluation of outcomes
    D) All of the choices

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    18 . The Veterans Administration unveiled important information from their integration of PCC, including
    A) open lines of communication enabled relationships to develop between patients, providers, and care team.
    B) communication should be limited to monthly care plan meetings over a two-year period.
    C) communication was important during the crisis period of treatment.
    D) formal communication was essential to maintaining care plan regimens over a 90-day period.

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    19 . Clinicians should be trained on what type of interactions when delivering patient-centered care?
    A) Psychosocial
    B) Complex physical
    C) Intermediate social
    D) Limited

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    20 . Which theory provides a framework within which to understand interactions that are interdependent and bidirectional?
    A) Transformational
    B) Patient-centered care
    C) Social exchange
    D) Ecological model

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    21 . Video aides, role playing, case studies, and sharing staff experiences are ways to teach
    A) social exchange theory.
    B) patient-centered care.
    C) hospital administration.
    D) innovation technology pilots.

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    22 . What may become barriers to implementing PCC values within an existing healthcare environment with pre-existing processes that may present conflict with innovation?
    A) Unaddressed perception issues
    B) Return on investment
    C) Pandemic
    D) Belief systems

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    23 . What is the slogan the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service (CMS) attached to patient care?
    A) Something about me should include me.
    B) My body, my choice.
    C) Nothing about me without me.
    D) Ask your provider.

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    24 . Many cancer patients have an initial sense of
    A) anxiety.
    B) uncertainty.
    C) depression.
    D) All of the choices

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    25 . Perceptional cognitive input helps cancer patients with which of the following?
    A) Support services for mental health
    B) Lack of trust with care team
    C) Misinformation
    D) Community-based resources

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    26 . Challenges to implementing PCC in the ICU do NOT include
    A) operating, maintaining, and updating devices and technology.
    B) adhering to quality assurance guidelines.
    C) appointment setting for follow-up visits.
    D) reporting adverse events to the proper authorities.

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    27 . In the ICU, family- and patient-centered care provides support for all of the following, EXCEPT:
    A) Caregiving needs
    B) Bereavement
    C) End-of-life planning
    D) Limited to no decision making

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    28 . Clinical staff in the CCU have challenges unique to their unit that do NOT include
    A) environmental stress.
    B) low workload.
    C) staff shortages.
    D) constant sense of urgency.

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    29 . A challenge to integrating PCC in the CCU is a
    A) physician-driven approach that can limit integration of PCC.
    B) history of PCC and its success.
    C) lack of patient awareness.
    D) lifestyle choice.

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    30 . Integration of PCC in the CCU requires
    A) caregiver buy-in.
    B) contractual negotiations.
    C) leadership buy-in.
    D) positive outcomes.

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    31 . Treating patients living with respiratory disease should include supportive services that include
    A) learning sessions and programs.
    B) long-term hospitalizations.
    C) provider support groups.
    D) limited education.

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    32 . What are two types of therapies that help patients with dementia?
    A) Occupational and music therapies
    B) EMDR and regression therapies
    C) Music and reminiscence therapies
    D) Cognitive and multisensory stimulation therapies

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