|
| A) | 9.3 million | ||
| B) | 12 million | ||
| C) | 40.1 million | ||
| D) | 52.3 million |
| A) | Black Americans. | ||
| B) | White Americans. | ||
| C) | Asian Americans. | ||
| D) | American Indian/Alaskan Natives. |
| A) | pulp. | ||
| B) | dentin. | ||
| C) | gingiva. | ||
| D) | enamel. |
| A) | impaired glycemic response. | ||
| B) | increased vascular reactivity. | ||
| C) | an increase in endothelium-derived nitric oxide production. | ||
| D) | enhanced inflammatory response at the local and systemic levels. |
| A) | impaired healing. | ||
| B) | increased fibrinolysis. | ||
| C) | increased vasodilation. | ||
| D) | accumulation of glycation end products in the gingiva. |
| A) | 2- to 3-fold. | ||
| B) | 5-fold. | ||
| C) | 10-fold. | ||
| D) | 25-fold. |
| A) | Dental infection has not been associated with coronary atherosclerosis. | ||
| B) | Periodontal disease does not contribute to the advancement of type 2 diabetes. | ||
| C) | Bacterial DNA from periodontal infections has been identified in atherosclerotic plaques. | ||
| D) | Periodontal disease is not a predictor of death among individuals with diabetes and associated ischemic heart disease. |
| A) | tooth loss. | ||
| B) | alteration of oral sensations. | ||
| C) | temporomandibular disorders. | ||
| D) | All of the above |
| A) | dental surgery. | ||
| B) | watchful waiting. | ||
| C) | tooth extractions. | ||
| D) | systemic antibiotics. |
| A) | encouraged to see a dental professional once per year. | ||
| B) | assessed for signs of oral infection, halitosis, or poor oral sensations. | ||
| C) | referred to a nurse for assessment of sore, swollen, or bleeding gums. | ||
| D) | None of the above |