Works Cited

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The History of Malaria: An Ancient Disease. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/history. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

2. World Health Organization. World Malaria Report: 2021. Geneva: WHO Press; 2021. Available at https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/reports/world-malaria-report-2021. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Malaria. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/malaria/index.html. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Malaria Treatment (United States). Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/diagnosis_treatment/treatment.html. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

5. Griffith KS, Lewis LS, Mali S, Parise ME. Treatment of malaria in the United States: a systematic review. JAMA. 2007;297(20):2264-2277.

6. Kantele A, Jokiranta S. Plasmodium knowlesi: the fifth species causing human malaria. Duodecim. 2010;126(4):427-434.

7. Wilairatanal P, Krudsood S, Tangpukdee N. Management of Plasmodium knowlesi malaria without PCR confirmation. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2010;41(1):19-21.

8. Lee KS, Cox-Singh J, Singh B. Morphological features and differential counts of Plasmodium knowlesi parasites in naturally acquired human infections. Malar J. 2009;8:73.

9. Cox-Singh J, Davis TM, Lee KS, et al. Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in humans is widely distributed and potentially life threatening. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46(2):165-171.

10. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Malaria. Available at https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/malaria. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

11. Spadafora C, Awandare GA, Kopydlowski KM, et al. Complement receptor 1 is a sialic acid-independent erythrocyte receptor of Plasmodium falciparum. PloS Pathog. 2010;6(6):e1000968.

12. Figtree M, Lee R, Bain L, et al. Plasmodium knowlesi in human, Indonesian Borneo. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010;16(4):672-674.

13. Zhang M, Fennell C, Ranford-Cartwright L, et al. The Plasmodium eukaryotic initiation factor-2{alpha} kinase IK2 controls the latency of sporozoites in the mosquito salivary glands. J Exp Med. 2010;207(7):1465-1474.

14. Sullivan D. Uncertainty in mapping malaria epidemiology: implications for control. Epidemiol Rev. 2010;32(1):175-187.

15. Mace KE, Lucchi NW, Tan KR. Malaria surveillance—United States, 2018. MMWR. 2022;71(SS8):1-29.

16. Kappe SH, Vaughan AM, Boddey JA, Cowman AF. That was then but this is now: malaria research in the time of an eradication agenda. Science. 2010;328(5980):862-866.

17. Filler SJ, MacArthur JR, Parise M, et al. Locally acquired mosquito-transmitted malaria: a guide for investigations in the United States. MMWR. 2006;55(RR13):1-9.

18. World Health Organization. Malaria. Available at https://www.who.int/health-topics/malaria - tab=tab_1. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Malaria Diagnosis and Treatment in the United States. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/diagnosis_treatment/index.html. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

20. Thwing J, Skarbinski J, Newman RD, et al. Appendix: microscopic procedures for diagnosing malaria. MMWR. 2007;56(SS6):39-40.

21. Maltha J, Gillet P, Bottieau E, Cnops L, van Esbroeck M, Jacobs J. Evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test (CareStartTM Malaria HRP-2/pLDH (Pf/pan) Combo Test) for the diagnosis of malaria in a reference setting. Malar J. 2010;9:171.

22. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Malaria Diagnosis: Rapid Diagnostic Test. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/diagnosis_treatment/diagnostic_tools.html#tabs-2-2. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System Malaria (Plasmodium spp.) 2014 case definition. Available at https://ndc.services.cdc.gov/case-definitions/malaria-2014/. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

24. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. How to Report a Case of Malaria. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/report.html. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

25. Lucumi E, Darling C, Jo H, et al. Discovery of potent small molecule inhibitors of multi-drug resistant P. falciparum using a novel miniaturized high-throughput luciferase-based assay. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54(9):3597-3604.

26. Singh B. Plasmodium knowlesi: an update. Microbiology Australia. 2016;1:39-42.

27. World Health Organization. Malaria: Rapid Diagnostic Tests. Available at https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/case-management/diagnosis/rapid-diagnostic-tests. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

28. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Artesunate is Available to Treat Severe Malaria in United States. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/diagnosis_treatment/artesunate.html. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

29. World Health Organization. International Travel and Health: Malaria. Available at https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/travel-and-health/9789241580472-eng-chapter-7.pdf?sfvrsn=8be7067_13. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

30. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Travelers' Health: Yellow Book Homepage. Available at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2020. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

31. Lexicomp Online. Available at https://online.lexi.com. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

32. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Malaria and Travelers for U.S. Residents. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/index.html. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

33. Bell DJ, Lalloo DG. Malaria and travelers. In: Zuckerman JN (ed). Principles and Practice of Travel Medicine. 2nd ed. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell; 2013: 126-132.

34. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Malaria Risk Assessment for Travelers. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/risk_assessment.html. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

35. Brunette GW, Nemhauser JB, Kozarsky PE, et al. (eds). CDC Health Information for International Travel 2020. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2020.

36. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Counterfeit and Poor-Quality Drugs. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/counterfeit_drugs.html. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

37. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. How Can Malaria Cases and Deaths be Reduced? Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/malaria_worldwide/reduction/index.html. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

38. UNICEF. Childhood Diseases. Available at https://www.unicef.org/health/childhood-diseases. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

39. Russell TL, Lwetoijera DW, Maliti D, et al. Impact of promoting longer-lasting insecticide treatment of bed nets upon malaria transmission in a rural Tanzanian setting with pre-existing high coverage of untreated nets. Malar J. 2010;9(1):187.

40. World Health Organization. Malaria: New Types of Insecticide-treated Nets. Available at https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/new-types-of-insecticide-treated-nets. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

41. Smereck J. Malaria in pregnancy: update on emergency management. J Emerg Med. 2011;40(4):393-396.

42. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria for Pregnant Women (IPTp). Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/malaria_worldwide/reduction/iptp.html. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

43. Kayentao K, Garner P, van Eijk AM, et al. Intermittent preventive therapy for malaria during pregnancy using 2 vs 3 or more doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and risk of low birth weight in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2013;309(6):594-604.

44. Global Malaria Programme. Indoor Residual Spraying: Use of Indoor Residual Spraying for Scaling Up Global Malaria Control and Elimination. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006. Available at https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/69386/WHO_HTM_MAL_2006.1112_eng.pdf. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

45. Alonso PL, Sacarial J, Aponte JJ, et al. Efficacy of the RTS,S/AS02A vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum infection and disease in young African children: randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;364(9443):1411-1420.

46. Fauci AS, Touchette NA, Folkers GK. Emerging infectious diseases: a 10-year perspective from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Emerging Infect Dis. 2005;11(4):519-525.

47. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Choosing a Drug to Prevent Malaria. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/drugs.html. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

48. Olotu A, Fegan G, Wambua J, et al. Seven-year efficacy of RTS,S/AS01 malarial vaccine among young African children. New Eng J Med. 2016;374:2519-2529.

49. Malaria Vaccine Initiative. Next Generation Vaccine. Available at https://www.malariavaccine.org/malaria-and-vaccines/next-generation-vaccine. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

50. Clemens J, Moorthy V. Implementation of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine: the need for further evidence. New Eng J Med. 2016;374:2596-2597.

51. Malaria Vaccine Initiative. Our Research and Development Strategy. Available at https://www.malariavaccine.org/malaria-and-vaccines/vaccine-development/our-research-and-development-strategy. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

52. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Malaria: Biology. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/biology/index.html. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

53. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Where Malaria Occurs. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/distribution.html. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

54. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC and Malaria. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/activities.html. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

55. World Health Organization. International Travel and Health: Malaria: 2015 update. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015.

56. Malaria Vaccine Initiative. First-Generation Vaccine: RTS,S. Available at https://www.malariavaccine.org/malaria-and-vaccines/rtss. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

57. RTS,S Clinical Trials Partnership. Efficacy and safety of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine with or without a booster dose in infants and children in Africa: final results of a phase 3, individually randomised, controlled trial. Lancet. 2015;386(9988):31-45.

58. World Health Organization. World Malaria Report 2018. Available at https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/275867/9789241565653-eng.pdf?ua=1. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

59. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Congenital malaria—Nassau County, New York, 2004. MMWR. 2005;54(15):383-384.

60. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves Only Drug in U.S. to Treat Severe Malaria. Available at https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-only-drug-us-treat-severe-malaria. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

61. World Health Organization. WHO Recommends Groundbreaking Malaria Vaccine for Children at Risk. Available at https://www.who.int/news/item/06-10-2021-who-recommends-groundbreaking-malaria-vaccine-for-children-at-risk. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

62. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Malaria Vaccine Recommended for Broader Use by WHO: "Best Thing Since Bed Nets." Available at https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/features/malaria_vaccine_who.html. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

63. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Presumptive Treatment of P. falciparum Malaria in Refugees Relocating from Sub-Saharan Africa to the United States. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/immigrantrefugeehealth/guidelines/domestic/malaria-guidelines-domestic.html. Last accessed September 8, 2022.

64. Datoo MS, Natama MH, Somé A, et al. Efficacy and immunogenicity of R21/Matrix-M vaccine against clinical malaria after 2 years' follow-up in children in Burkina Faso: a phase 1/2b randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2022; [Epub ahead of print].

65. ClinicalTrials.gov. R21/Matrix-M in African Children Against Clinical Malaria. Available at https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04704830. Last accessed September 9, 2022.

Evidence-Based Practice Recommendations Citations

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Treatment of Malaria: Guidelines for Clinicians (United States). Available at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/resources/pdf/treatment_guidelines_101819.pdf. Last accessed September 22, 2022.


Copyright © 2022 NetCE, PO Box 997571, Sacramento, CA 95899-7571
Mention of commercial products does not indicate endorsement.