Works Cited

Lung Cancer: Diagnosis and Management

Course #30723 - $60 -

  • Back to Course Home
  • Participation Instructions
    • Review the course material online or in print.
    • Complete the course evaluation.
    • Review your Transcript to view and print your Certificate of Completion. Your date of completion will be the date (Pacific Time) the course was electronically submitted for credit, with no exceptions. Partial credit is not available.

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. United Sates Cancer Statistics: Data Visualizations. Available at https://gis.cdc.gov/Cancer/USCS/#/AtAGlance/. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

2. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts and Figures: 2021. Available at https://www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/all-cancer-facts-figures/cancer-facts-figures-2021.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

3. Rubin SA. Lung cancer: past, present, and future. J Thorac Imaging. 1991;7(1):1-8.

4. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Cancer Today. Available at https://gco.iarc.fr/. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

5. National Cancer Institute. Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/research/progress/annual-report-nation. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

6. Hammond EC, Selikoff IJ, Seidman H. Asbestos exposure, cigarette smoking and death rates. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1979;330:473-490.

7. National Cancer Institute. SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Lung and Bronchus Cancer. Available at https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/lungb.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Smoking and Tobacco Use: Secondhand Smoke Fact Sheets. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/secondhand_smoke. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

9. National Cancer Institute. Secondhand Smoke and Cancer. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/tobacco/second-hand-smoke-fact-sheet. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

10. American Lung Association. Lung Cancer Fact Sheet. Available at https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/lung-cancer/resource-library/lung-cancer-fact-sheet#SmokingAttributable_Lung_Cancer. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

11. Pope CA III, Burnett RT, Thun MJ, et al. Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution. JAMA. 2002;287(9):1132-1141.

12. Gharibvand L, Shavlik D, Ghamsary M, et al. The association between ambient fine particulate air pollution and lung cancer incidence: results from the AHSMOG-2 study. Environ Health Perspect. 2017;125(3):378-384.

13. National Cancer Institute. Asbestos Exposure and Cancer Risk. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/substances/asbestos/asbestos-fact-sheet. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

14. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Asbestos. Available at https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxProfiles/ToxProfiles.aspx?id=30&tid=4. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

15. Shell J, Bulson KR, Vanderlugt LF. Lung cancers. In: Langhorne M, Fulton J, Otto SE (eds). Oncology Nursing. 5th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2007.

16. Oleske DM. The epidemiology of lung cancer: an overview. Semin Oncol Nurs. 1987;3(3):165-173.

17. National Cancer Institute. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. State Cancer Profiles. Available at https://statecancerprofiles.cancer.gov/#results. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

18. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Smoking and Tobacco Use: Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults in the United States. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/adult_data/cig_smoking/index.htm. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Burden of Cigarette Use in the U.S. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/resources/data/cigarette-smoking-in-united-states.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

20. Bailey-Wilson JE, Amos CI, Pinney SM, et al. A major lung cancer susceptibility locus maps to chromosome 6q23-25. Am J Hum Genet. 2004;75(3):460-474.

21. You M, Wang D, Liu P, et al. Fine mapping of chromosome 6q23-25 region in familial lung cancer families reveals RGS17 as a likely candidate gene. Clin Cancer Res. 2009;15(8):2666-2674.

22. National Cancer Institute. Harms of Smoking and Health Benefits of Quitting. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/tobacco/cessation-fact-sheet. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Smoking Cessation: Fast Facts. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/cessation/smoking-cessation-fast-facts/index.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

24. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Version 5.2021. Available at https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/nscl.pdf. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

25. LexiComp Online. Available at https://online.lexi.com. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

26. National Cancer Institute. Lung Cancer Screening (PDQ): Health Professional Version. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/lung-screening-pdq. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

27. Humphrey L, Deffebach M, Pappas M, et al. Screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography: a systematic review to update the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation. Ann Intern Med. 2013;159(6):411-420.

28. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Lung Cancer: Screening. Available at https://uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/lung-cancer-screening. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

29. Nguyen HCT, Anastasopoulou C. Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/117365-overview. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

30. Braun CA, Anderson CM. Pathophysiology: Functional Alterations in Human Health. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2006.

31. Zander DS, Popper HH, Jagirdar J, Haque AK, Cagle PT, Barrios R (eds). Molecular Pathology of Lung Diseases. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2008.

32. American Cancer Society. Chemotherapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer. Available at https://www.cancer.org/cancer/small-cell-lung-cancer/treating/chemotherapy.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

33. Tan WW. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/279960-overview. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

34. MedlinePlus. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Available at https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007194.htm. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

35. American Cancer Society. What is Lung Cancer? Types of Lung Cancer: Small Cell Lung Cancer. Available at https://www.cancer.org/cancer/lung-cancer/about/what-is.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

36. Merck Manual Professional Version. Available at https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

37. American Joint Committee on Cancer. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 8th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2018.

38. National Cancer Institute. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment (PDQ): Health Professional Version. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

39. National Cancer Institute. What is Lung Cancer? Types of Lung Cancer: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Available at https://www.cancer.org/cancer/lung-cancer/about/what-is.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

40. Haque AK. Pathology of carcinoma of the lung: an update on current concepts. J Thorac Imaging. 1991;7(1):9-20.

41. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. What Are the Symptoms of Lung Cancer? Available at https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/lung/basic_info/symptoms.htm. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

42. Johnston L. Lung Cancer: Making Sense of Diagnosis, Treatment, and Options. Sebastopol, CA: Patient Centered Guides; 2001.

43. National Cancer Institute. NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

44. Gandhi L, Johnson BE. Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with small cell lung cancer. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2006;4(6):631-638.

45. Thomas L, Kwok Y, Edelman MJ. Management of paraneoplastic syndromes in lung cancer. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2004;5(1): 51-62.

46. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Paraneoplastic Syndromes Information Page. Available at https://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/all-disorders/paraneoplastic-syndromes-information-page. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

47. Silvestri GA, Gonzalez AV, Jantz MA, et al. Methods for staging non-small cell lung cancer. Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, (3rd edition): American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013;143(5 Suppl):e211S-e250S.

48. Pfister DG, Johnson DH, Azzoli CG, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology treatment of unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer guideline: update 2003. JCO. 2004;22(2):330-353.

49. Peldschus K, Herzog P, Wood SA, Cheema JI, Costello P, Schoepf UJ. Computer-aided diagnosis as a second reader: spectrum of findings in the CT studies of the chest interpreted as normal. Chest. 2005;128(3):1517-1523.

50. White CS, Flukinger T, Jeudy J, Chen JJ. Use of a computer-aided detection system to detect missed lung cancer at chest radiography. Radiology. 2009;252(1):273-281.

51. Schalekamp S, van Ginneken B, Koedam E, et al. Computer-aided detection improves detection of pulmonary nodules in chest radiographs beyond the support by bone-suppressed images. Radiology. 2014;272(1):252-261.

52. Haber M, Drake A, Nightingale J. Is there an advantage to using computer aided detection for the early detection of pulmonary nodules within chest x-ray imaging? Radiography (Lond). 2020;26(3):e170-e178.

53. de Hoop B, De Boo DW, Gietema HA, et al. Computer-aided detection of lung cancer on chest radiographs: effect on observer performance. Radiology. 2010;257(2):532-540.

54. National Cancer Institute. Spiral CT Scan. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/spiral-ct-scan. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

55. National Collaborating Center for Acute Care. Lung Cancer: The Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer (Update). London: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence; 2011.

56. Schrevens L, Lorent N, Dooms C, Vansteenkiste J. The role of PET scan in diagnosis, staging, and management of non-small cell lung cancer. Oncologist. 2004;9(6):633-643.

57. Grégoire V, Haustermans K, Geets X, Roels S, Lonneux M. PET-based treatment planning in radiotherapy: a new standard? J Nucl Med. 2007;48(1 Suppl):68S-77S.

58. Neupane N, Schmidt MFJ. Endobronchial Ultrasound. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1970392-overview. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

59. Kuo CH, Lin SH, Chen HC, Chou CL, Yu CT, Kuo HP. Diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer with three echoic features via endobronchial ultrasound. Chest. 2007;132(3):922-929.

60. Yasufuku K, Nakajima T, Motoori K, et al. Comparison of endobronchial ultrasound, positron emission tomography, and CT for lymph node staging of lung cancer. Chest. 2006;130(3):710-718.

61. American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Understanding EUS (Endoscopic Ultrasonography). Available at https://www.asge.org/list-pages/patient-informations/understanding-eus. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

62. American Cancer Society. What's New in Lung Cancer Research? Available at https://www.cancer.org/cancer/lung-cancer/about/new-research.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

63. Metcalfe MS, Bridgewater FHG, Mullin EJ, Maddern GJ. Useless and dangerous: fine-needle aspiration of hepatic colorectal metastases. BMJ. 2004;328(7438):507-508.

64. Roskell DE, Buley ID. Fine needle aspiration cytology in cancer diagnosis: is quick, cheap, and accurate when used appropriately. BMJ. 2004;329(7460):244-245.

65. Rivera MP, Detterbeck F, Mehta AC. Diagnosis of lung cancer: the guidelines. Chest. 2003;123(1 Suppl):129S-136S.

66. Held JL. Caring for the patient with lung cancer. Nursing. 1995;25(10):34-43.

67. Barta JA, Henschke CI, Flores RM, Yip R, Yankelevitz DF, Powell CA. Lung cancer diagnosis by fine needle aspiration is associated with reduction in resection of nonmalignant lung nodules. Ann Thorac Surg. 2017;103(6):1795-1801.

68. Sivrikoz CM, Ak I, Simsek FS, Döner E, Dündar E. Is mediastinoscopy still the gold standard to evaluate mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012;60(2):116-121.

69. Shrager JB. Mediastinoscopy: still the gold standard. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89(6):S2084-S2089.

70. Darling GE, Dickie AJ, Malthaner RA, Kennedy EB, Tey R. Invasive mediastinal staging of non-small-cell lung cancer: a clinical practice guideline. Curr Oncol. 2011;18(6):e304-e310.

71. Klinkenberg TJ, Groen HM. Mediastinoscopy: 'The Rise and Fall of the Gold Standard'. Clin Surg. 2017;2:1845.

72. Cicenia J, Avasarala SK, Gildea TR. Navigational bronchoscopy: a guide through history, current use, and developing technology.J Thorac Dis. 2020;12(6):3263-3271.

73. Schwarz Y, Greif J, Becker HD, Ernst A, Mehta A. Real-time electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy to peripheral lung lesions using overlaid CT images: the first human study. Chest. 2006;129(4):988-994.

74. Waknine Y. FDA Approvals: Viatorr Endoprosthesis, superDimension/Bronchus, and Others. Available at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/496466. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

75. Strausz J, Bolliger CT (eds). Interventional Pulmonology. Sheffield: European Respiratory Society; 2010.

76. Collins J, Stern EJ. Chest Radiology: The Essentials. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2014.

77. Ravenel JG, Rosenzweig KE, Kirsch J, et al. ACR appropriateness criteria: non-invasive clinical staging of bronchogenic carcinoma. J Am Coll Radiol. 2014;11(9):849-856.

78. Lababede O. Imaging in Lung Cancer Staging. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/362919-overview. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

79. National Cancer Institute. Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment (PDQ): Health Professional Version. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

80. Chesnutt MS, Murray JA, Prendergast TJ. Pulmonary neoplasms. In: McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM (eds). Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2008. 47th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical; 2008.

81. Tan WW. Mesothelioma. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/280367-overview#a5. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

82. BMJ Best Practice. Mesothelioma. Available at https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/1184. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

83. National Cancer Institute. Malignant Mesothelioma Treatment (PDQ): Health Professional Version. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/types/mesothelioma/hp/mesothelioma-treatment-pdq. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

84. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Malignant mesothelioma mortality—United States, 1999–2015. MMWR. 2017;66(8):214-218.

85. Betticher DC. Adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy in NSCLC: a paradigm shift. Lung Cancer. 2005;50(Suppl 2):S9-S16.

86. Allen MS, Darling GE, Decker PA, et al. Number of lymph nodes harvested from a mediastinal lymphadenectomy: results of the randomized, prospective ACOSOG Z0030 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(18S):7555.

87. Willers H, Stinchcombe TE, Barriger RB, et al. ACR appropriateness criteria: induction and adjuvant therapy for N2 non-small cell lung cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 2015;38(2):197-205.

88. Yoder MA, Sharma S. Perioperative Pulmonary Management. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/284983-overview. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

89. Kris MG, Gaspar LE, Chaft JE, et al. Adjuvant systemic therapy and adjuvant radiation therapy for stage I to IIIA completely resected non-small-cell lung cancers: American Society of Clinical Oncology/Cancer Care Ontario clinical practice guideline update. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(25):2960-2974.

90. Mulcahy N. First Maintenance Therapy for Advanced Lung Cancer Approved by the FDA. Available at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/705354. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

91. LungCancer.org. Treatment Update: Lung Cancer. Available at https://www.lungcancer.org/find_information/publications/18-treatment_update_lung_cancer/302-treatment_options. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

92. United States Food and Drug Administration. Oncology (Cancer)/Hematologic Malignancies Approval Notifications. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/oncology-cancer-hematologic-malignancies-approval-notifications?t=951457. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

93. Digumarthy SR, Mendoza DP, Zhang EW, Lennerz JK, Heist RS. Clinicopathologic and imaging features of non-small-cell lung cancer with MET exon 14 skipping mutations. Cancers (Basel). 2019;11(12).

94. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. [Archive]. FDA Approves First Companion Diagnostic to Detect Gene Mutation Associated with a Type of Lung Cancer. Available at https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170112223037/http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm352230.htm. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

95. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. [Archive]. FDA Approves New Treatment for a Type of Late-Stage Lung Cancer. Available at https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170112023855/http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm360499.htm. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

96. Sim EH, Yang IA, Wood-Baker R, et al. Gefitinib for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;(1):CD006847.

97. United States Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves Osimertinib for First-Line Treatment of Metastatic NSCLC with Most Common EGFR Mutations. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-approves-osimertinib-first-line-treatment-metastatic-nsclc-most-common-egfr-mutations. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

98. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves Dacomitinib for Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-approvals-and-databases/fda-approves-dacomitinib-metastatic-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-0. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

99. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves First Adjuvant Therapy for Most Common Type of Lung Cancer. Available at https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-adjuvant-therapy-most-common-type-lung-cancer. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

100. Wilhelm L, Kolesar JM. Role of adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. Am J Health-System Pharm. 2005;62(13):1365-1369.

101. Science Daily. News Release: Alectinib Halts Lung Cancer Growth More Than a Year Longer Than Crizotinib. Available at https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/06/170605110043.htm. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

102. United States Food and Drug Administration. FDA broadens ceritinib indication to previously untreated ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-broadens-ceritinib-indication-previously-untreated-alk-positive-metastatic-nsclc. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

103. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Brigatinib. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/brigatinib. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

104. United States Food and Drug Administration. Alectinib approved for (ALK) positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/alectinib-approved-alk-positive-metastatic-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-nsclc. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

105. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves Entrectinib for NTRK Solid Tumors and ROS-1 NSCLC. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-approves-entrectinib-ntrk-solid-tumors-and-ros-1-nsclc. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

106. United States Food and Drug Administration. FDA grants regular approval to dabrafenib and trametinib combination for metastatic NSCLC with BRAF V600E mutation. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-grants-regular-approval-dabrafenib-and-trametinib-combination-metastatic-nsclc-braf-v600e. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

107. Hanna N, Johnson D, Temin S, et al. Systemic therapy for stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline update. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(30):3484-3515.

108. National Cancer Institute. FDA Expands Approval of Pembrolizumab for First-Line Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/news-events/cancer-currents-blog/2017/fda-pembrolizumab-lung-expanded. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

109. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves Cemiplimab-rwlc for Metastatic or Locally Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Available at https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20201222064921/https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-approvals-and-databases/fda-approves-cemiplimab-rwlc-metastatic-or-locally-advanced-cutaneous-squamous-cell-carcinoma. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

110. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves First Targeted Therapy to Treat Aggressive Form of Lung Cancer. Available at https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-targeted-therapy-treat-aggressive-form-lung-cancer. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

111. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves Larotrectinib for Solid Tumors With NTRK Gene Fusions. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/fda-approves-larotrectinib-solid-tumors-ntrk-gene-fusions. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

112. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Small Cell Lung Cancer. Version 3.2021. Available at https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/sclc.pdf. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

113. American Cancer Society. How Chemotherapy Drugs Work. Available at https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/chemotherapy/how-chemotherapy-drugs-work.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

114. Institute for Safe Medication Practices. High-Alert Medications in Acute Care Settings. Available at https://www.ismp.org/recommendations/high-alert-medications-acute-list. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

115. The Joint Commission. Sentinel Event Alert 23: Medication Errors Related to Potentially Dangerous Abbreviations. Available at https://www.jointcommission.org/sentinel_event_alert_issue_23_medication_errors_related_to_potentially_dangerous_abbreviations. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

116. American Cancer Society. Lung Carcinoid Tumor. What's New in Lung Carcinoid Tumor Research and Treatment? Available at https://www.cancer.org/cancer/lung-carcinoid-tumor/about/new-research.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

117. The Joint Commission. Preventing Vincristine Administration Errors. Available at https://www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/18/SEA_34.PDF. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

118. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Hazardous Drug Exposures in Healthcare. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/hazdrug/default.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

119. National Cancer Institute. Hair Loss (Alopecia) and Cancer Treatment. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/hair-loss. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

120. National Cancer Institute. Clinical Trials Information for Patients and Caregivers. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

121. National Cancer Institute. Phases of Clinical Trials. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials/what-are-trials/phases. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

122. American Cancer Society. Types and Phases of Clinical Trials. Available at https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/clinical-trials/what-you-need-to-know/phases-of-clinical-trials.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

123. Haas ML. Radiation therapy. In: Cancer Source Book for Nurses. 8th ed. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Barlett; 2004.

124. American Cancer Society. Radiation Therapy. Available at https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/radiation.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

125. Members of the Lung Cancer Disease Site Group. Altered Fractionation of Radical Radiation Therapy in the Management of Unresectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Toronto: Cancer Care Ontario; 2002.

126. American Cancer Society. Getting Internal Radiation Therapy (Brachytherapy). Available at https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/radiation/internal-radiation-therapy-brachytherapy.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

127. Bolderston A, Lloyd NS, Wong RK, et al. The prevention and management of acute skin reactions related to radiation therapy: a systematic review and practice guideline. Support Care Cancer. 2006;14(8):802-817.

128. American Cancer Society. Treatment Types. Available at https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

129. National Cancer Institute. Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/photodynamic-therapy. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

130. American Cancer Society. Complementary and Alternative Methods and Cancer. Available at https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/complementary-and-alternative-medicine/complementary-and-alternative-methods-and-cancer.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

131. National Cancer Institute. SEER Explorer. Available at https://seer.cancer.gov/explorer. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

132. Tse V. Brain Metastasis. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1157902-overview. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

133. National Cancer Institute. Metastatic Cancer: When Cancer Spreads. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/types/metastatic-cancer. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

134. Khosla A. Brain Metastasis Imaging. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/338239-overview. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

135. American Cancer Society. Advanced and Metastatic Cancer. Available at https://www.cancer.org/treatment/understanding-your-diagnosis/advanced-cancer.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

136. Peh WCG. Imaging in Bone Metastases. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/387840-overview. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

137. Khan AN. Liver Metastases Imaging. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/369936-overview. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

138. MedlinePlus. Cardiac Tamponade. Available at https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000194.htm. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

139. National Cancer Institute. Cardiopulmonary Syndromes (PDQ): Health Professional Version: Malignant Pleural Effusion. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/cardiopulmonary-hp-pdq#section/_40. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

140. National Cancer Institute. Cardiopulmonary Syndromes (PDQ): Health Professional Version: Dyspnea in Patients with Advanced Cancer. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/cardiopulmonary-hp-pdq#section/_4. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

141. Curt GA. The impact of fatigue on patients with cancer: overview of FATIGUE 1 and 2. Oncologist. 2000;5(Suppl 2):9-12.

142. National Cancer Institute. Fatigue (PDQ): Health Professional Version. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/fatigue/fatigue-hp-pdq. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

143. National Cancer Institute. Nausea and Vomiting Related to Cancer Treatment (PDQ): Health Professional Version. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/nausea/nausea-hp-pdq. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

144. National Cancer Institute. Nutrition in Cancer Care (PDQ): Health Professional Version. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/appetite-loss/nutrition-hp-pdq. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

145. van den Beuken-van Everdingen MHJ, de Rijke JM, Kessels AG, Schouten HC, van Kleef M, Patijn J. Prevalence of pain in patients with cancer: a systematic review of the past 40 years. Ann Oncol. 2007;18(9):1437-1449.

146. National Cancer Institute. Cancer Pain (PDQ): Health Professional Version. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/pain/pain-hp-pdq. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

147. National Cancer Institute. Cardiopulmonary Syndromes (PDQ): Health Professional Version: Superior Vena Cava Syndrome. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/cardiopulmonary-hp-pdq#section/_97. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

148. Daley BJ, Bascom R. Pneumothorax. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/424547-overview. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

149. Rajan CS. Tube Thoracostomy Management. Available at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1503275-overview. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

150. Larici AR, Franchi P, Occhipinti M, et al. Diagnosis and management of hemoptysis. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2014;20(4):299-309.

151. American Cancer Society. Tubes, Lines, Ports, and Catheters Used in Cancer Treatment: Central Venous Catheters (CVCs): Ports and Catheters. Available at https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/planning-managing/tubes-lines-ports-catheters.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

152. Yarbro CH, Wujcik D, Gobel BH. Cancer Nursing. 8th ed. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers; 2016.

153. McPhee SJ, Markowitz AJ. Psychological considerations, growth, and transcendence at the end of life: the art of the possible. JAMA. 2001;286(23):3002.

154. National Cancer Institute. Last Days of Life (PDQ): Health Professional Version. Available at https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/advanced-cancer/caregivers/planning/last-days-hp-pdq. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

155. Kübler-Ross E. On Death and Dying: What the Dying Have to Teach Doctors, Nurses, Clergy and Their Own Families. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, Scribner; 2014.

156. Kimmel DC. Adulthood and Aging: An Interdisciplinary Developmental View. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Wiley; 1989.

157. American Cancer Society. Advance Directives. Available at https://www.cancer.org/treatment/finding-and-paying-for-treatment/understanding-financial-and-legal-matters/advance-directives.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

158. Federal Patient Self Determination Act 1990, 42 U.S.C. 1395 cc (a), Subpart E, Miscellaneous. Available at https://euthanasia.procon.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/patient_selfdetermination_act.pdf. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

159. American Association of Nurse Practitioners. Issues at a Glance: Provider Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST). Available at https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/advocacy-resource/policy-briefs/issues-at-a-glance-provider-orders-for-life-sustaining-treatment-polst. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

161. The Joint Commission. Advancing Effective Communication, Cultural Competence, and Patient- and Family-Centered Care: A Roadmap for Hospitals. Oakbrook Terrace, IL: The Joint Commission; 2010.

162. American Cancer Society. Hospice Care. Available at https://www.cancer.org/treatment/end-of-life-care/hospice-care.html. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

163. Cohen EL, Cesta T. Nursing Case Management: From Essentials to Advanced Practice Applications. 4th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2004.

164. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Your Discharge Planning Checklist: For Patients and Their Caregivers Preparing to Leave a Hospital, Nursing Home, or Other Health Care Setting. Available at https://www.medicare.gov/pubs/pdf/11376-discharge-planning-checklist.pdf. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

165. Nash DB. Disease Management: What Does the Research Evidence Show? Available at https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/447791. Last accessed August 10, 2021.

166. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves First Targeted Therapy for Subset of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Available at https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-targeted-therapy-subset-non-small-cell-lung-cancer. Last accessed October 11, 2021.

167. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves First Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer Mutation Previously Considered Resistant to Drug Therapy. Available at https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-targeted-therapy-lung-cancer-mutation-previously-considered-resistant-drug. Last accessed October 11, 2021.

168. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves Neoadjuvant Nivolumab and Platinum-Doublet Chemotherapy for Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-approves-neoadjuvant-nivolumab-and-platinum-doublet-chemotherapy-early-stage-non-small-cell-lung. Last accessed March 15, 2022.

  • Back to Course Home
  • Participation Instructions
    • Review the course material online or in print.
    • Complete the course evaluation.
    • Review your Transcript to view and print your Certificate of Completion. Your date of completion will be the date (Pacific Time) the course was electronically submitted for credit, with no exceptions. Partial credit is not available.