Study Points
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Study Points
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- Describe the history of ethics, specifically as it relates to the physician-patient relationship.
- Identify the historical events, including three human experimentation studies, that brought about measures to ensure patient rights.
- Discuss the Karen Ann Quinlan case as it influenced national and state healthcare policies.
- Review the impact of the Nancy Cruzan case on healthcare delivery and policy.
- State the purpose of the Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) of 1990 and the role of healthcare professionals.
- Differentiate between the types of advance directives.
- Discuss national ethical standards frameworks and their relationship to ethical decision making for patients.
- Define terminology regarding bioethics, including the seven principles guiding medical ethical decision making.
- Compare the five ethical theories as they relate to healthcare.
- Review the basics of forming an analytical ethical framework.
- Identify appropriate uses of ethical frameworks in the healthcare professional's practice.
- Outline Kohlberg's six stages of moral development and their importance in understanding ethical decision making from a psychological perspective.
- Describe the complex ethical issues facing healthcare professionals today.
- Describe elements of a usable policy statement and guidelines for ethical decision making in patient care.
- Analyze the three case studies presented at the end of the study and identify the steps to resolve the ethical dilemma described in each.
The field of bioethics came into existence because
Prior to the 1960s, medical care decisions were primarily
Since the 1960s, what three events in U.S. History have caused a shift in the physician-patient relationship?
Extensive publicity about three research projects resulted in the establishment of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. The three research projects were
Which court decision brought bioethics to the level of the individual?
In the Karen Ann Quinlan court case, her father, acting on her behalf, asserted that his daughter would want to terminate life support based upon her
The Karen Ann Quinlan case is significant because it was the first case to deal specifically with the question of
The link that made the Nancy Cruzan court case and the Karen Ann Quinlan case similar was
During discussions at the state level, one of the agreed upon elements leading to the implementation of the Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) was that
The PSDA of 1990 was legislation at the
The PSDA of 1990 mandated that applicable facilities must
The means or tool for the individual to document his or her wishes for future healthcare decisions is called a(n)
A physician directive is a legally binding form that allows
The Joint Commission Patient Rights Standards on Ethical Issues requires that all accredited facilities address
An ethical dilemma is defined as
Which of the following are considered the most common ethical principles currently applied in healthcare decision making?
Ethical principles that would NOT come into conflict with one another are
Deontologic ethics is
Deontologic ethical theories include which of the following in their ethical thought system?
In natural law ethical theory, which of the following is TRUE?
The transcultural ethical theory is a system based upon
The four components that form the framework and model for transcultural nursing ethics are
The chief goal of an ethical decision-making framework is to determine right from wrong in situations
Before an ethical decision-making framework can be used successfully, nurses must
An analytical ethical framework can take many forms, but all are based on
The science of ethical decision making
A framework for ethical decision making presupposes that nurses making decisions know
In order for a patient to be considered a capable decision maker in health care, he or she must be
When following an ethical decision-making framework successfully, who makes the final determination of what should be done in patient care treatment issues?
As delineated in the text, "sorting the issues" involves
Kohlberg identifies two important correlates of his six stages of moral development. One of these correlates is:
Kohlberg presumes there are six stages of moral development. A person making a stage five decision uses the following justification:
All of the ethical principles discussed in the text are applied to situations common to the healthcare profession. The term that describes healthcare professional ethics is
In the text, paternalism presupposes
The key ethical component in advocacy that allows the nurse to act in the patient's best interest is the
When developing policy, one should research
According to the ethical decision making in patient care policy example, who should participate in ethical decision making in patient care?
In Case Study 1, R.O.L.E. stands for
In Case Study 2, what did the nursing supervisor feel the staff nurse was acting upon in the case of the pediatric patient?
In Case Study 3, which of the following institutions hold liability and ethical responsibility for student clinical performance?
- Back to Course Home
- Participation Instructions
- Review the course material online or in print.
- Complete the course evaluation.
- Review your Transcript to view and print your Certificate of Completion. Your date of completion will be the date (Pacific Time) the course was electronically submitted for credit, with no exceptions. Partial credit is not available.